No. | Concept | Level I:State | Level II:Transition | Level III:Causation | Level IV:Propulsion |
1 | Near | to be near; be present; be in that place (be together) | to go towards, to approach; a) to come to a place | to bring closer, to put in a place (put together) | to control movement closely (todrive, to lead) |
2 | Far | to be away,to be absent | to go away, to remove oneself; to leave | to remove, to move away (trans.) | to send away (to drive away) |
3 | In front of | to be in front (to precede) | to go forwards,usually for some distance (horizontally) | to place in front | to manoeuvre (tr.) in front |
4 | Behind | to be behind (to pass (intr.) round the back of) | to go backwards [retreat, recede]; a) turning around b) going back | to place behind | to move backwards (trans); [to shove] |