Table 1 The Formation of Adverbials in Yoruba by Reduplication

	Verb	Gloss	Adverbial	Gloss
1.	fìrí	‘in a haste’	fìrífìrí	‘hastily’
2.	kíá	‘quick’	kíákíá	‘quickly’
3.	gidi	‘much’	gidigidi	‘very much’
4.	tipá	‘by force’	tipátipá	‘forcefully’
5.	tóní	‘spotless’	tónítóní	‘spotlessly’
6.	ńlá	‘large’	ńlánlá	‘largely’
7.	tayọ̀	‘with joy’	tayọ̀tayọ̀	‘joyfully’
8.	díẹ̀	‘little’	díẹ̀díẹ̀	‘very little’
9.	jù	‘more’	*jùjù	—
10.	gɑ̃	‘much’	*gɑ̃gɑ̃	—
11.	púpọ̀	‘much’	púpọ̀púpọ̀	‘very much’